{ 一般過去時 }
一、定義:表示在的過去某個時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。
二、構成:主語 + 動詞的一般過去式 + 其他
1、在表示某個時間里存在的狀態的句子,系動詞用過式was,were構成。如:
eg:I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。
2、在表示過去某個時間里發生的動作,用動詞的過去式構成。如:
I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。
3.各種句式
(1)一般過去時的肯定陳述句:主語 + 動詞過去式 + 賓語或表語。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
(2)一般過去時的否定句:
a.主語 + didn’t + 動詞原形 + 賓語。 (did + not = didn't)
He didn't do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主語 + wasn’t/weren’t +表語。
(was + not = wasn't , were + not = weren't)
He wasn't an English teacher ten years ago.
(3)一般過去時的一般疑問句:
a.Did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語 ?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were + 主語 + 表語 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
(4)一般過去時的特殊疑問句:
a.特殊疑問詞 + did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑問詞 + were/was + 表語?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
三、標志詞:
yesterday 昨天 (yesterday+時間 last+時間)
ago 之前
before 在….之前
the day before yesterday 前天
just now 剛才
in+時間(in 1990)......
四:動詞的一般過去時變化規律:
⑴ 一般情況直接在詞尾加+ ed,
如:cook-cooked wash-washed
⑵ 以不發音的e 結尾的動詞,在詞尾+ d
如: like-liked live-lived
⑶ 以重讀閉音節結尾的動詞,雙寫最后一個字母再在詞尾+ed
如:stop-stopped shop-shopped plan-planned 計劃
⑷ 以輔音字母+y 結尾的動詞,要改y 為 i 再加 ed
如:study-studied carry- carried 運送,搬運
另外須記不規則動詞的一般過去時變形。(附:不規則動詞變化表)
1、改變動詞中的元音:
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoketake→took write→wrote get→got
2、變詞尾的–d 為t : build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3、與動詞原形一樣:cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4、變-ay 為-aid (少數動詞): say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5、采用不同詞根:sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6、其他。如:am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
一般過去時的做題步驟:
⑴ 先找到句子中表示一般過去時的標志詞。
⑵ 確定句子的動詞是用be動詞還是行為動詞。
專項練習
一、寫出下列動詞的過去式
1.am/is _____ 2.do ____ 3.go ________ 4.have _______
5.isn’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________
8.cook_______9.read ________ 10.clean _______ 11.live _____
12.study_________
二、用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空
1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
2.Jack ____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.
3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year?
4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday?
5.The old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.
6.We ________ (have) a party last night.
7.We __________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8.— How _______ (be) the students? — They were very friendly.
9.He often _______ (have) supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.
10.— ______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine? — No, he didn’t.
11.They _________(buy) a guitar yesterday.
三、句型轉換
1. He came here last month. (改為否定句)
He _______ _______ here last month.
2.They played football this morning. (改為一般疑問句并作簡略回答)
—______ they _______ football this morning?
—Yes, they _______./No, they _________ .
3.They went to Beijing last year. (就劃線部分提問)
_________ _________ they ________ last year.
4.Tom watched TV last night. (改為一般疑問句)
_______ Tom _______ TV last night?
5.Mary does homework every day. (用 last night 改寫句子)
Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .
參考答案:
一、1.was 2.did 3.went 4. had 5.wasn’t
6.weren’t 7.spent 8. cooked 9. read
10.cleaned 11.lived 12.studied
二、1.enjoyed 2. studied 3.Did go 4.was
5. was 6.had 7.visited 8.were
9.has had 10.Did have 11.bought
三、1.didn’t come 2.Did play did didn’t
3.Where did go 4. Did watch
5.did homework last night
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